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Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument with Historical Illustrations
Get Free Ebook Just and Unjust Wars: A Moral Argument with Historical Illustrations
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Review
p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} "A magnificent book, an honor to its writer...a book that makes for a return of civilized discussion of the question of the morality of war."― p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} New York Review of Books p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} "A passionate defense of the old principle of non-combatant immunity.... [Walzer] is both thorough and persuasive in his exploration of a very intricate subject."― p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} Washington Post p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} "A classic in the field."― p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} New York Times p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} "One of the most significant modern restatements of just-war thinking."― p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} Nation p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #454545} "A clear, humane, and startingly original survey of the moral issues that complicate modern war-making."―Atlantic
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About the Author
Michael Walzer is professor emeritus of social science at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, and the author of many widely heralded books, including Spheres of Injustice, Exodus and Revolution, and The Company of Critics.
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Product details
Paperback: 416 pages
Publisher: Basic Books; 5 edition (August 11, 2015)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0465052711
ISBN-13: 978-0465052714
Product Dimensions:
5.5 x 1.2 x 8.2 inches
Shipping Weight: 12.8 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
3.7 out of 5 stars
58 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#68,568 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
War is the irreducible fact of history. It simply exists. The well intentioned will never be able to wish it away. At best, what can be done is to prepare for war to thereby deter aggressors. But should deterrence fail, what then? At what point is war justified? What if an act of war cannot be distinguished from a mere threat of war? Or worse yet, from a false threat of war? And once in war, to what extent is its prosecution justified? To what extent should an aggressor be punished before finishing a war? And what about war crimes, can they be justified to defend a just cause? And then after war, who is to be held responsible? Who was the aggressor? Who fought the fair fight? How will former combatants continue to coexist? There are no simple formulas to answer these questions, but "Just and Unjust Was" is a comprehensive, structured guide to these eternal issues.Walzer divides the subject into five categories:I. The Moral Reality of War: War has a moral element as much as it has a strategic element, which is relative to each culture. If there is a war, there is a crime. Regardless of who commits the crime, soldiers on each side have equal rights and obligations for when, how, and whom to kill.II. The Theory of Aggression: From politics to the battlefield, who commits aggression and who has rights to be defended justifies the violence. Prevention and preemption muddy these determinations. War's end and the importance of winning fashion the justice delivered and the guarantees for peace.III. The War Convention: Not all wars are created equally, and thus not all are prosecuted the same. The theory of proportionality enters the debate as does the death of civilians and non-combatants. Asymmetric wars of insurgencies and terrorism complicate the lines of battle, and the balance of violence. Reprisals rear the ugly head of cyclic exchanges of violence.IV. Dilemmas of War: Consider the evolution of war from the days of honor, chivalry, and the fair fight, to the modern imperative to fight the total war with victory at all costs. Consider the ultimate end of nuclear war, and the ultimate threat to deter all aggression.V. The Question of Responsibility: After the dust settles, sorting out the belligerents, and prosecuting those responsible for the crime of war. For the crimes in war, the soldiers and commanders stand for review.Walzer's arguments on given issues are usually thoroughly developed and usually terse, but not always easy to grasp. Every argument has its historical antecedent with just enough background and context without over narrating the events. The only shortcoming of Walzer's style was a propensity to assert moral principles without supporting cultural or historical background. Morals are, even as noted by Walzer, relative to culture. For instance, calling the threat of nuclear retaliation immoral leaves me perplexed. Does he mean that the threat of retaliation should be removed before the threat of nuclear aggression? Whose culture, or whose political persuasion is he speaking from?In sum, if you're looking to get an overview of just war theory without having to dig into primary sources this book is probably the best available.
As a work with a singular focus this is a good book. My only problem, which is a huge one for me, is that this author's analysis hinges on the acceptance of an abstraction as its ultimate foundation for arguments presented. What is that abstraction? That an 'implied' contract exists between state and subject which grants states their sovereignty and justification. Because of this abstraction - which shows up around page 50 - all analysis becomes skewed.
Walzer is graying around the edges, yet he remains a significant tour de force in the world of Just War studies. This seminal work is a sine qua non read for any serious student of the laws of war. Many have rightly accused Walzer of being somewhat vague, however, to be fair he did groundbreaking work where there was a huge gap pf knowledge and largely contributed to our current understanding of how JWT relates to the modern hybrid warfare battlespace.
This book is a bit slow, but it really makes you think. You will be left questioning your morals and values. Not a bad read if you are needing to write about ethics of wartime or argue about the validity of war.
Professor Michael Walzer examines just war theory in a clear, methodical and rigorous fashion. Concrete examples clarify and flesh out the theory. It covers not just conventional warfare, but also several offshoots that have become much more relevant since the 1950: peacetime reprisals, guerrilla warfare, and terrorism. In addition, he dissects the notions of "war crimes" and official/bureaucrat/citizen responsibility for war. These analyses are especially useful as today's violent conflicts become more fragmented and in some ways "messier". Walzer's viewpoint is definitely from a left-of-center perspective (not *far* left), but I think people of any political persuasion would find reading it to be extremely insightful. He doesn't shy away from controversy yet his arguments are always well-reasoned. Highly recommended to both the layman and political scientist/philosopher, especially as we enter the uncertainty of the post-9/11 world.
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